Core electron Core electrons are the in an that are not and do not participate in, The and the core electrons of an atom form the atomic core. Core electrons are tightly bound to the nucleus. Therefore, unlike valence electrons, core electrons play a secondary role in chemical bonding and reactions by screening the positive charge of the atomic nucleus from the valence electrons.
- For, the number of valence electrons ranges from 1 to 8 ( n s and n p orbitals).
- For, the number of valence electrons ranges from 3 to 12 ( n s and ( n −1)d orbitals).
- For and, the number of valence electrons ranges from 3 to 16 ( n s, ( n −2)f and ( n −1)d orbitals).
All other non-valence electrons for an atom of that element are considered core electrons.
Contents
- 1 Does carbon have a valence of 4?
- 2 Is carbon +4 or 4?
- 3 Why is carbon +4 and 4?
- 4 Why is carbon valency 4 not 2?
- 5 Why can’t carbon accept 4 electrons?
- 6 Why can’t carbon have more than 4 bonds?
- 7 Is carbon 6 or 12?
- 8 What element can have 6 valence electrons?
- 9 Which element has only 6 valence electrons?
Does carbon have 6 valence electrons?
Each carbon atom has 6 electrons, and 4 are in the outer most orbit i.e. valence electrons. So, carbon can form four bonds with other atoms. This makes carbon tetravalent.
Does carbon have a valence of 4?
One atom of carbon can form four covalent bonds as the carbon has a valency of four. Valency can be defined as the element’s combining power when it forms other chemical molecules or compounds. Thus, carbon’s tetravalency refers to its ability to bond with four other carbon atoms from other elements.
Does carbon have 4 or 14 valence electrons?
Therefore, the valence electron in a Carbon atom is 4.
Why does carbon have 4 valence electrons and not 6?
4 valence electrons available for bonding to other atoms. In total, carbon has 6 protons and 6 electrons. Two of these electrons are located on the inner valence shell and are not available for bonding. The other 4 are able to be used in chemical bonds and it a major factor in why carbon is such a versatile molecule.
Does carbon have 4 or 8 valence electrons?
Atomic carbon has six electrons: two inner shell (core) electrons in the 1 s orbital, and four valence (outer most shell) electrons in the 2 s and 2 p orbitals, Electron Configuration for Bonded Carbon When bonded with a full octet (such as in methane ) carbon has eight valence electrons (two per covalent bond ). Each hydrogen atom has two valence electrons.
Does carbon have 6 or 4 electrons?
Before you start, take a look at carbon on the periodic table. It has an atomic number of 6. That means a carbon atom has 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 6 electrons.
Is carbon +4 or 4?
The valency of carbon is 4 and valency of oxygen is 2.
Is CO4 possible?
CO4, the proof: Although theoretically predicted to be detectable, CO4 has proved so far experimentally elusive.
Why is carbon +4 and 4?
Valency of Carbon Chemistry Questions with Solutions – Q1. What is the valency of carbon?
- (a) Three
- (b) Four
- (c) Both (a) and (b)
- (d) None of the above
- Answer: (b) Four
Explanation: Carbon has four valence electrons in its outermost shell. Thus, its valency is four. Q2. What is the valency of carbon in carbon dioxide (CO 2 )?
- (a) Two
- (b) Four
- (c) Both (a) and (b)
- (d) None of the above
- Answer: (b) Four
- Calculation: Let x be the valency of the carbon atom.
- Valency of oxygen = – 2.
- Thus, the valency of carbon will be
- x + 2 X (-2) = 0
- x – 4 = 0
- x = 4
- Thus, the valency of carbon in carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) is four.
Q3. What is the atomic number of carbon?
- (a) Four
- (b) Five
- (c) Six
- (d) None of the above
- Answer: (c) Six
Q4. Why does carbon forms multiple compounds?
- (a) Tetravalency
- (b) Catenation
- (c) Shares multiple electrons to form a double or triple bond
- (d) All of the above
- Answer: (d) All of the above
Q5. How many double bonds can a carbon atom form?
- (a) One
- (b) Two
- (c) Both (a) and (b)
- (d) None of the above
- Answer: (b) Two
Explanation: Carbon has four valency. Thus, it can form at most two double bonds. Q6. Why does carbon show four valency? Answer: Valency is equivalent to the number of valence electrons for atoms having four or fewer valence electrons. For atoms with more than four valence electrons, valency equals 8 – the number of valence electrons.
Carbon has four valence electrons in its outer shell. Thus, it shows four valency. Q7. What is valency? Answer: Valency is the combining capacity of an element, i.e. number of monovalent hydrogen atoms that can directly attach to it. Q8. What is the meaning of four valency? Answer: Four valency signifies that the element is tetravalent, i.e.
it can combine with four univalent atoms. Carbon, silicon, germanium, tin and lead show four valency. Q9. What is the valency of the first ten elements? Answer:
| S. No. | Element | Valency |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | Hydrogen | 1 |
| 2. | Helium | 0 |
| 3. | Lithium | 1 |
| 4. | Berelium | 2 |
| 5. | Boron | 3 |
| 6. | Carbon | 4 |
| 7. | Nitrogen | 3 |
| 8. | Oxygen | 2 |
| 9. | Fluorine | 1 |
| 10. | Neon | 0 |
Q10. Is valency positive or negative? Answer: Valency is neither positive nor negative but neutral. Q11. What are allotropes? Name any three allotropes of carbon. Answer: Allotropes refer to the different forms of the same element, where the atoms combine in different ways, so at the same temperature and pressure, they can exist in different forms.
Graphite, diamond and fullerene are the allotropes of carbon. Q12. Does LPG contain carbon? Answer: Yes, LPG contains carbon. It is a mixture of butane and isobutane (carbon compounds). Q13. Why does carbon not form a C 4+ cation? Answer: Carbon does not form a C 4+ cation because donating four electrons from a carbon atom requires significant energy, which is unavailable.
Thus, it does not form a C 4+ cation. Q14. What are the three primary uses of carbon? Answer: The three primary uses of carbon are as follows: 1. Carbon is used as a fuel (in the form of coal), which is predominantly carbon.2. Graphite is used to make pencil tips, high-temperature crucibles, dry cells, electrodes, and lubricants, which is an allotrope of carbon.3.
Diamonds are used in jewellery and industry for cutting, drilling, grinding, and polishing due to their extreme hardness, which is also an allotrope of carbon. Q15. Why does carbon not form a C 4- anion? Answer: Carbon does not form a C 4- anion because carbon is tiny and contains six protons. It is ineligible to hold ten valence electrons.
Thus, it does not form a C 4- anion.
Why is carbon valency 4 not 2?
As carbon atom contains 4 electrons in its outermost shell. So, its covalency is 4.
Why does carbon need 4 electrons?
Carbon has four electrons in its valence shell. Which type of compounds can be formed by carbon atoms and why? Give any one example of such compounds. Join Vedantu’s FREE Mastercalss Answer Verified Hint: In the above question, it is given that carbon has four electrons in the valence shell.
- We have to find which type of compound is formed by carbon.
- Every element in the periodic table tries to achieve their complete octet state by gaining, losing or sharing electrons.
- Complete step-by-step answer: We know that every element tries to achieve their octet state.
- And hence, the elements having more than 4 electrons in the valence shell gain electrons as gaining electrons is easier than losing them.
In case, the elements have less than 4 electrons in the valence shell, it loses the electrons instead of gaining as the energy required in losing the electrons is less than gaining electrons. But carbon has 4 electrons in the valence shell. It can neither lose electrons nor it can gain electrons and hence, it shares electrons. Note: Most of the things which surround us are basically covalent compounds. For example, plastic, petroleum and water. Even the food that we eat, the oxygen that we inhale, the carbon dioxide that we exhale are examples of covalently bonded molecules.
Can carbon have 10 valence electrons?
Carbon has 2 electrons in K-shell and 4 electrons in the L- shell which is an outermost shell. Therefore, the number of valence electrons is 4.Q.
Why can’t carbon accept 4 electrons?
Carbon cannot form C4+ because if it loses 4 electrons, it would require a large amount of energy to remove 4 electrons leaving behind a carbon cation with six protons in its nucleus holding on to just 2 electrons.
State the reason why carbon can neither form $ }$ cations nor $ }$ anions but forms covalent compounds. Also, state reasons to explain why covalent compounds:(i) are bad conductors of electricity.(ii) have low boiling and melting points. Join Vedantu’s FREE Mastercalss Answer Verified Hint: Carbon is a chemical element of the periodic table having an atomic number six and the electronic configuration is such that it can either gain four electrons or lose four electrons to complete its octet.
Complete step by step answer: Note:
The atomic number of Carbon is 6. The electronic configuration of carbon is \, In much more simpler terms, the electronic configuration of carbon can also be written as $2,4$. Hence, carbon has 4 electrons in its valence shell. It has to either lose or gain 4 electrons in order to gain a stable electronic configuration.
- It cannot gain four electrons as a carbon atom has a total of 6 protons and is very small to handle ten electrons.
- It cannot even donate the electrons as it needs a lot of ionization energy to do so.
- Hence, it cannot form \ cation or \ anion and thus forms a covalent bond by mutual transfer of electrons.(i) Covalent compounds formation takes place by the mutual sharing of electrons.
The Carbon atom doesn’t have a free electron which is required for the transfer of electricity as electricity is the flow of free electrons and thus, they are poor conductors.(ii) Covalent compounds have low melting and boiling points because they have weak intermolecular forces between bonds.
Hence, less amount of energy or less temperature is required to break the bonds.Due to its tendency to form a large number of covalent bonds, the carbon atom can easily form huge ring, cage or chain like structures. For instance, the graphite and diamond structure are stronger than the cage and ring structures formed by the elements of the same group as that of carbon because of its low size and tendency to accommodate easily in the interstitial sites in the covalent compound.
: State the reason why carbon can neither form $ }$ cations nor $ }$ anions but forms covalent compounds. Also, state reasons to explain why covalent compounds:(i) are bad conductors of electricity.(ii) have low boiling and melting points.
Why can’t carbon have more than 4 bonds?
Explanation: – There is a rule in Chemistry called the Octet Rule : An atom is most stable when it has a full valence shell (8 electrons in its valence shell.) Carbon has 6 electrons, two in its inner shell and four in its valence shell. When carbon takes four electrons from other atoms, in which it forms ionic bonds, it has a full valence shell, so it is unable to from any more bonds.
Does carbon need 8 electrons?
Carbon, with 4 electrons in its valence shell, will need another four electrons to fulfill the octet rule.
Can carbon have 8 electrons?
A carbon atom has 6 electrons, arranged in the configuration 1s 2 2s 2 2p 2, The 2 electrons in the 1s orbital are not of interest in organic chemistry, as they do not partake in the reactions involved here. The remaining four electrons are the carbon atoms valence electrons, as these are available for forming covalent bonds.
Can carbon hold 8 electrons?
Carbon has four valence electrons but can accommodate eight electrons in its valence shell, and it therefore tends to form four covalent bonds.
Does carbon lose 4 electrons or gain 4 electrons?
Carbon does not gain or lose electrons when forming chemical bonds but rather forms covalent bonds where pairs of electrons are shared between atoms. This property is one of the reasons that carbon is able to form long chains of atoms and thereby build complex organic molecules.
Is carbon 6 or 12?
A family of people often consists of related but not identical individuals. Elements have families as well, known as isotopes. Isotopes are members of a family of an element that all have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons, The number of protons in a nucleus determines the element’s atomic number on the Periodic Table.
For example, carbon has six protons and is atomic number 6. Carbon occurs naturally in three isotopes: carbon 12, which has 6 neutrons (plus 6 protons equals 12), carbon 13, which has 7 neutrons, and carbon 14, which has 8 neutrons. Every element has its own number of isotopes. The addition of even one neutron can dramatically change an isotope’s properties.
Carbon-12 is stable, meaning it never undergoes radioactive decay, Carbon-14 is unstable and undergoes radioactive decay with a half-life of about 5,730 years (meaning that half of the material will be gone after 5,730 years). This decay means the amount of carbon-14 in an object serves as a clock, showing the object’s age in a process called “carbon dating.” Isotopes have unique properties, and these properties make them useful in diagnostics and treatment applications.
What element has 6 valence electrons?
Oxygen is in group 6 and has 6 valence electrons.
What element can have 6 valence electrons?
For example, oxygen has six valence electrons, two in the 2s subshell and four in the 2p subshell. We can write the configuration of oxygen’s valence electrons as 2s²2p⁴.
Which is having 6 valence electrons?
Elements with six valence electrons are the chalcogens (O, S, Se, Te, Po, and Lv). Most of these elements are nonmetals.
Which element has only 6 valence electrons?
Oxygen (symbol O) is found in column 6 on the periodic table. It has 6 valence electrons. It needs to make 2 bonds to get an octet.